Shuang Gu Ph.D., Dr.

Shuang Gu Ph.D., Dr.

Shuang Gu Ph.D., Dr.

Sam Bloomfield Chair Professor in Engineering

Mechanical Engineering · College of Engineering

Engineering Building 101H
Main Campus

Overview

Brief biography

Dr. Shuang Gu joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Wichita State University as an Assistant Professor in fall 2015, after his three-year appointment as a Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering at University of Delaware (UD) (2012−2015). He is currently a professor.

Dr. Gu received his Ph.D. training from both Dalian University of Technology (DUT) with advisor Prof. Gaohong He and University of California – Riverside (UCR) with advisor Prof. Yushan Yan, and he earned his Ph.D. degree in Chemical Engineering in 2008 from DUT. After his Ph.D. training and before his appointment as a Research Assistant Professor, Dr. Gu worked as a Postdoctoral Researcher first at UCR (2008−2011) and then at UD (2011−2012).

Dr. Gu’s research has focused on 1) advanced polymer electrolytes for fuel cells, and 2) novel cell designs for flow batteries. Currently, Dr. Gu is holding 15 granted/pending patents, and he has published 60+ journal articles (15 first-authored). As of June 1, 2020, his publications have received over 5,000 citations (h-index = 32).

Areas of Research Interest

  • Advanced ion-conducting polymer electrolytes for electrochemical applications
  • Novel cell designs for high-performance and low-cost redox-flow batteries
  • Nonaqueous anion-exchange membranes and nonaqueous redox-flow batteries
  • Electrochemical activation of natural gas for liquid-fuel production
  • Electrochemical reduction of nitrogen gas for green and sustainable agriculture
  • Anion-specific polymer membranes for water treatment and chemical upcycling

Areas of Teaching Interest

  • Thermodynamics I (ME 398)
  • Thermodynamics II (ME 502)
  • Sustainability and Energy (ME 750F)
  • Renewable Energy (ME 850AD)
  • Polymer Electrolytes
  • Electrochemical Processes

Publications

  1. Desai, N. Seyedhassantehrani, M. Shagar, S. Gu*, and R. Asmatulu*, Preparation and characterization of KOH-treated electrospun nanofiber mats as electrodes for iron-based redox-flow batteries, J. Energy Storage, 2020, 27, #101053.
  2. Qiu, L. Xin, I.T. McCrum, F. Guo, T. Ma, Y. Ren, Q. Liu, L. Zhou, S. Gu, M.J. Janik, and W.Z. Li, BCC-Phased PdCu Alloy as a Highly Active Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Oxidation in Alkaline Electrolytes, JACS, 2018, 140, 140, 16580−16588.
  3. Z. Zhang, H. Long, R.B Kaspar, J.H. Wang, S. Gu, Z.B. Zhuang, B. Pivovar, and Y.S. Yan, Relating alkaline stability to the structure of quaternary phosphonium cations, RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 26640−26645.
  4. X. Ma, B.P. Setzler, K. Gong, S. Gu, and Yushan Yan, A General, Analytical Model for Flow Battery Costing and Design, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2018, 165, A2209−A2216.
  5. Gong, F. Xu, M.G. Lehrich, X.Y. Ma, S. Gu*, and Y.S. Yan*, Exploiting Immiscible Aqueous-Nonaqueous Electrolyte Interface toward a Membraneless Redox-Flow Battery Concept, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2017, 164, A2590−A2593.
  6. Zhao, S. Gu, K. Gong, J. Zheng, J.H. Wang, and Y.S. Yan, Low-Voltage Gaseous HCl Electrolysis with an Iron Redox-Mediated Cathode for Chlorine Regeneration, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2017, 56, 10735−10739.
  7. Zhao, S. Gu, K. Gong, J. Zheng, J.H. Wang, and Y.S. Yan, Iodine Redox-Mediated Electrolysis for Energy-Efficient Chlorine Regeneration from Gaseous HCl, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2017, 164, E138−E143.
  8. X. Guo, J.H. Wang, Q.R. Fang, Y. Zhao, S. Gu, J. Zheng, and Y.S. Yan, A quaternary-ammonium-functionalized covalent organic framework for anion conduction, CrystEngComm, 2017, 19, 4905−4910.
  9. Gong, F. Xu, J. Grunewald, X.Y. Ma, Y. Zhao, S. Gu*, and Y.S. Yan*, All-soluble all-iron aqueous redox-flow battery, ACS Energy Lett., 2016, 1, 89−93.
  10. Zhang, R. Kaspar, S. Gu, J.H. Wang, Z.B, Zhuang, and Y.S. Yan, A new alkali-stable phosphonium cation based on fundamental understanding of degradation mechanisms, ChemSusChem, 2016, 9, 2371−2379. (100+ Citations)
  11. Zheng, S.Y. Zhou, S. Gu, B.J. Xu, and Y.S. Yan, Size-dependent hydrogen oxidation and evolution activities on supported palladium nanoparticles in acid and base, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2016, 163, F499−F506.
  12. Y. Xie, W.M. Zhang, S. Gu, Y.S. Yan, and Z.F. Ma, Process engineering in electrochemical energy devices innovation, Chin. J. Polym. Sci., 2016, 24, 39−47.
  13. Gong, X,Y. Ma, K.M. Conforti, K.J. Kuttler, J.B. Grunewald, K.L. Teager, M.Z. Baznt, S. Gu*, and Y.S. Yan*, A zinc–iron redox-flow battery under $100 per kW h of system capital cost, Energy Environ. Sci., 2015, 8, 2941−2945. (Highlighted as the Authors’ Choice Article by ACS Energy Letters: Top 1)
  14. Gong, Q.R. Fang, S. Gu*, S.F.Y. Li, and Y.S. Yan*, Nonaqueous redox-flow batteries: organic solvents, supporting electrolytes, and redox pairs, Energy Environ. Sci., 2015, 8, 3515−3530. (100+ Citations)
  15. Gu, J.H. Wang, R.B., Kaspar, Q.R. Fang, B.Z. Zhang, E.B. Coughlin, and Y.S. Yan, Permethyl Cobaltocenium (Cp*2Co+) as an Ultra-Stable Cation for Polymer Hydroxide-Exchange Membranes, Sci. Rep., 2015, 5, Article No.: 11668.
  16. H. Wang, S. Gu, R.C. Xiong, B.Z. Zhang, B.J. Xu, and Y.S. Yan, Structure-Property Relationships in Hydroxide-Exchange Membranes with Cation Strings and High Ion-Exchange Capacity, ChemSusChem, 2015, 8, 4229−4234.
  17. Huang, S. Gu, Y.S. Yan, and S.F.Y. Li, Nonaqueous redox-flow batteries: feature, challenges, and prospects, Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng., 2015, 8, 105−113.
  18. D. Woodroof, J.A. Wittkopf, S. Gu, Y.S. Yan, Exchange current density of the hydrogen oxidation reaction on Pt/C in polymer solid base electrolyte, Electrochem. Commun., 2015, 61, 57−60.
  19. R. Fang, J.H. Wang, S. Gu, R.B. Kaspar, Z.B. Zhuang, J. Zheng, H.X. Guo, S.L. Qiu, and Y.S. Yan, 3D Porous Crystalline Polyimide Covalent Organic Frameworks for Drug Delivery, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137, 8352−8355. (200+ Citations)
  20. M. Yan, X.M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, X. Gong, and J. Benziger, A Methanesulfonic Acid/Sulfuric Acid-Based Route for Easily-Controllable Chloromethylation of Poly(ether ether ketone), J. Appl. Ploym. Sci., 2015, 132, Article No.: 41404.
  21. B. Kaspar, M.P. Letterio, J.A. Wittkopf, K. Gong, S. Gu, Y.S. Yan, Manipulating Water in High-Performance Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells through Asymmetric Humidification and Wetproofing, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2015, 162, F483−F488.
  22. Gu, J.H. Wang, B.Z. Zhang, R.B, Kaspar, and Y.S. Yan, Hydroxide exchange membranes and ionomers, Book Chapter (Ch. 6) in Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells, 1st Ed., edited by B. Ladewig, S.P. Jiang, Y.S. Yan, and G.Q.M. Lu., Wiley-VCH, 2015, 125−144. (Invited Book Chapter)
  23. Gu*, K. Gong, E.Z. Yan, and Y.S. Yan*, A multiple ion-exchange membrane cell design for redox flow batteries, Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7, 2986−2998. (Back-Cover Picture, Highlighted by Chemical Engineering Process)
  24. M. Yan, S. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, W.J. Zheng, X.H. Ruan, Quaternary phosphonium-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) as highly conductive and alkali-stable hydroxide exchange membrane for fuel cells, J. Membr. Sci., 2014, 466, 220−228.
  25. M. Yan, S. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, J. Benziger, Imidazolium-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) as membrane and electrode ionomer for low-temperature alkaline membrane direct methanol fuel cell, J. Power Sources, 2014, 250, 90−97. (100+ Citations)
  26. F. Fang, S. Gu, J. Zheng, S.L. Qiu, Y.S. Yan, 3D Microporous Base-Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks for Size-Selective Catalysis, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 126, 2922−2926. (200+ Citations)
  27. Xiong, S. Gu, K.O. Jensen, Y.S. Yan, Facilitated transport in hydroxide exchange membranes for post-combustion CO2 separation, ChemSusChem, 2014, 7, 114−116.
  28. R. Fang, Z.B. Zhuang, S. Gu, R.B. Kaspar, J. Zheng, J.H. Wang, S.L. Qiu, Y.S. Yan, Designed synthesis of large-pore crystalline polyimide covalent organic frameworks, Nat. Commun., 2014, 5, Article No.: 4503. (200+ Citations)
  29. R. Gao, W.C. Sheng, Z.B. Zhuang, Q.F. Fang, S. Gu, J. Jiang, Y.S. Yan, Efficient Water Oxidation Using Nanostructured alpha-Nickel-Hydroxide as an Electrocatalyst, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136, 7077−7084. (500+ Citations)
  30. W. Hu, G.H. He, S. Gu, Y.F. Liu, X.M. Wu, Montmorillonite-reinforced sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2014, 131, Article No.: 39852.
  31. Gu, B.J. Xu, Y.S. Yan, Electrochemical Energy Engineering: A New Frontier of Chemical Engineering Innovation, Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng., 2014, 5, 429−454. (Invited Book Chapter)
  32. Gu, W.C. Sheng, R. Cai, S.M. Alia, S.Q. Song, K.O. Jensen, Y.S. Yan, An efficient Ag-ionomer interface for hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells, Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 131−133. (Inside-Cover Picture, Highlighted by UDaily)
  33. H. Wang, S. Gu, R.B. Kaspar, B.Z. Zhang, Y.S. Yan, Stabilizing the imidazolium cation in hydroxide-exchange membranes for fuel cells, ChemSusChem, 2013, 6, 2079−2082. (50+ Citations)
  34. Gu, J. Skovgard, Y.S. Yan, Engineering the Van der Waals Interaction in Cross-Linking-Free Hydroxide Exchange Membranes for Low Swelling and High Conductivity, ChemSusChem, 2012, 5, 843−848. (Cover Picture, Invited Research Paper, Highlighted by UDaily)
  35. Z. Zhang, S. Gu, J.H. Wang, Y. Liu, A.M. Herrings, Y.S. Yan, Tertiary sulfonium as a cationic functional group for hydroxide exchange membranes, RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 12683−12685. (100+ Citations)
  36. M. Yan, G.H. He, S. Gu, X.M. Wu, L.G. Du, Y.D. Wang, Imidazolium-functionalized polysulfone hydroxide exchange membranes for potential applications in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2012, 37, 5216−5224. (100+ Citations)
  37. Gu, R. Cai, Y.S. Yan, Self-crosslinking for dimensionally stable and solvent-resistant quaternary phosphonium based hydroxide exchange membranes, Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 2856−2858. (200+ Citations)
  38. M. Yan, G.H. He, S. Gu, X.M. Wu, L.G. Du, H.Y. Zhang, Quaternized poly(ether ether ketone) hydroxide exchange membranes for fuel cells, J. Membr. Sci., 2011, 375, 204−211. (100+ Citations)
  39. Sarode, M.A. Vandiver, A.M. Maes, B. Caire, J.L. Horan, Y.T. Yang, G.E. Lindberg, J.F. Dama, C. Knight, R. Jorn, M.E. Lenz, R.Z. Kaspar, S. Gu, B.Z. Zhang, S. Seifert, T.H. Tsai, W.X. Zhang, E.B. Coughlin, D.M. Knauss, Y.S. Yan, G.A. Voth, T.A. Witten, M. Liberatore, A.M. Herrings, Designing Alkaline Exchange Membranes from Scratch, ECS Trans., 2011, 41, 1761−1774.
  40. Gu, R. Cai, T. Luo, K.O. Jensen, C. Contreras, Y.S. Yan, Quaternary Phosphonium Based Polymers as Hydroxide Exchange Membranes, ChemSusChem, 2010, 3, 555−558. (Cover Picture, 100+ Citations)
  41. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, Z.W. Hu, L.L. Wang, G.K. Xiao, L. Peng, Preparation and characterization of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) blends for proton exchange membrane, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2010, 116, 852−860.
  42. Cai, Y. Liu, S. Gu, Y.S. Yan, Ambient pressure dry-gel conversion method for zeolite MFI synthesis using ionic liquid and microwave heating, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 12776−12777. (50+ Citations)
  43. M. Alia, G. Zhang, D. Kisailus, D.S. Li, S. Gu, K.O. Jensen, Y.S. Yan, Porous platinum nanotubes for oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 3742−3746. (Cover Picture, Invited Research Paper) (200+ Citations)
  44. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, Z.W. Hu, X.M. Yan, The state of water in the series of sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK) proton exchange membranes, Chem. Eng. J., 2010, 156, 578−581.
  45. Gu, R. Cai, T. Luo, M.W. Sun, Y. Liu, G.H. He, Y.S. Yan, A soluble and highly conductive ionomer for high-performance hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2009, 48, 6499−6502. (Cover Picture, 500+ Citations)
  46. Rong, S. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, Z.W. Hu, X.M. Yan, Studies on preparation and properties of sulfonated polyether ether ketone/poly4-vinylepyridine acid-base composite proton exchange membranes, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. (Chinese journal), 2009, 25, 126−129.
  47. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, Y.J. Guo, H.J. Liu, L. Peng, G.K. Xiao, Preparation and characteristics of crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) with sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) for proton exchange membrane, J. Membr. Sci., 2008, 312, 48−58. (50+ Citations)
  48. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, Z.W. Hu, P.J. Yao, Novel interpenetrating polymer network sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)/polyacrylic acid proton exchange membranes for fuel cell, J. Membr. Sci., 2007, 295, 80−87.
  49. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, W. Chen, P.J. Yao, Sulfonation of Poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) by Heterogeneous Method and Its Potential Application on Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM), J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007, 104, 1002−1009.
  50. Lin, G.H. He, X.C. Li, L. Peng, C.X. Dong, S. Gu, G.K. Xiao, Freeze/thaw induced demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions with loosely packed droplets, Sep. Pur. Tech., 2007, 56, 175−183.
  51. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, C.N. Li, H.J. Liu, C. Lin, X.C. Li, Synthesis and characteristics of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK) for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), J. Membr. Sci., 2006, 281, 121−129. (50+ Citations)
  52. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, H.J. Liu, Y.J. Guo, L.N. Li, Separation-purification and mathematical model of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK), Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Filtration and Separation, 2006, 349−361.
  53. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, L. Chang, Research and development of new-style proton exchange membrane in fuel cell, Membr. Sci. Tech. (Chinese journal), 2005, 25, 92−96. (Invited Review Paper)
  54. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, Z.W. Hu, P.J. Yao, Microstructure of the cross-linked sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK) charged membranes via sulfonamide linkages, J. Funct. Mater. (Chinese journal), 2006, 37, 1341−1344.
  55. M. Wu, G.H. He, L. Gao, S. Gu, Z.W. Hu, P.J. Yao, Synthesis and water uptake of sulfonated poly(phthalzinone ether sulfone ketone)/polyacrylic acid proton exchange membranes, Chin. Chem. Lett., 2006, 17, 965−968.
  56. J. Liu, G.H. He, L.N. Li, S. Gu, C. Liu, G.K. Xiao, Evaluation of calculating the isotonic swelling ratio of emulsion liquid membrane by theoretical viscosity models, J. Disper. Sci. Tech., 2006, 27, 773−779.
  57. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, P.J. Yao, Application of chemical cross-linking on the preparation of proton exchange membranes, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. (Chinese journal), 2006, 22, 28−31.
  58. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, P.J. Yao, Sulfonation: A promising method for preparation of polymer charged membranes, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. (Chinese journal), 2005, 21, 7−13.
  59. C. Li, G.H. He, S. Gu, X.J. Zhang, Extraction of BSA by reversed micelles, Proceedings on the Biomedical Engineering of Dalian University of Technology, 2003, 1, 341−346.
  60. M. Wu, G.H. He, S. Gu, P.J. Yao, Polymer electrolyte membranes and their modification for FC, Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog. (Chinese journal), 2003, 22-Z1, 292−296.
  61. C. Li, G.H. He, W.Z. Quan, S. Gu, Extraction of BSA by Cationic Reversed Micelles, Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog. (Chinese journal), 2003, 22-Z1, 206−210.
  62. Gu, G.H. He, X.M. Wu, X.C. Li, SPPESK’s new separation approach—precipitation separation, Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog. (Chinese journal), 2003, 22-Z1, 270−273.

Professional Experience

Assistant Professor, Wichita State University                                            08/2015−Present
      Department of Mechanical Engineering

 Research Assistant Professor, University of Delaware                           10/2012−07/2015
      Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering

Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Delaware                                     09/2011−09/2012                     Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Advisor: Prof. Yushan Yan

 Postdoctoral Researcher, University of California − Riverside               08/2008−08/2011
    Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Advisor: Prof. Yushan Yan

Junior Researcher, University of California − Riverside                         08/2007−07/2008
     Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Advisor: Prof. Yushan Yan

Assistant Engineer, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation             07/2000−07/2001
     SINOPEC Shanghai Gaoqiao Petrochemical Company

Awards and Honors

  • 2020 Award of Research/Creative Projects (ARCP) from WSU
  • 2019 Excellence in Research Award from WSU
  • 2019 John A. See Innovation Award from WSU
  • 2017 ARPA-E REFUEL Award from DOE (2017 REFUEL)
  • 2016 John A. See Innovation Award from WSU
  • 2016 ARPA-E IONICS Award from DOE (2017 IONICS)
  • 2016 Undergraduate Research Award from WSU
  • 2015 EERE Award from DOE (2014 Fuel Cell Incubator)
  • 2014 UDEI Award (#1) from UD
  • 2014 UDEI Award (#2) from UD
  • 2012 ARPA-E OPEN Award from DOE (2012 OPEN CALL)
  • 2011 High Quality Paper Award from DUT (J Membr. Sci., 2006, 281, 121−129.)
  • 2001 Best Employee Award from SINOPEC – Shanghai, 2001

Patents and other Intellectual Property

  1. Gu and Farshad Houtaham, Converting natural gas to value-added liquid fuels, US Patent, No. 10,519,084, granted on 12/31/2019.
  2. S. Yan, B.Z. Zhang, S. Gu, Phosphonium cations and polymers incorporating them, US Patent, No. 10,056,638, granted on 08/21/2018.
  3. S. Yan, S. Gu, K. Gong, Double-membrane triple-electrolyte design for high-voltage and low-crossover redox flow batteries, US Patent, No. 9,917,323, granted on 03/13/2018; [PCT Patent Application, No. PCT/US2013/045595, filed on 6/13/2013.] (Licensed to DEGi-Storage LLC)
  4. S. Yan, S. Gu, K. Gong, Multiple-membrane multiple-electrolytes redox flow battery design, US Patent, No. 9,640,826, granted on 05/02/2017; [PCT Patent Application, No. PCT/US2013/045595, file on 6/13/2013.] (Licensed to DEGi-Storage LLC)
  5. S. Yan, S. Gu, and R. Cai, Highly basic ionomers and membranes and anion/hydroxide exchange fuel cells comprising ionomers and membranes, US Patent, No. 9,263,757, granted on 02/16/2016.
  6. S. Yan, S. Gu, and R. Cai, Highly basic ionomers and membranes and anion/hydroxide exchange fuel cells comprising ionomers and membranes, US Patent, No. 8,641,949, granted on 02/04/2014. (Licensed to OH-Energy Inc.)
  7. S. Yan, S. Gu, and F. Wang, Highly basic ionomers and membranes and anion/hydroxide exchange fuel cells comprising ionomers and membranes, US Patent, No. 8,535,586, granted on 09/17/2013.
  8. M. Wu, G.H. He, L. Gao, S. Gu, Z.W. Hu, X.G. Jian, P.J. Yao, Sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)/polypolyacrylic acid proton exchange membranes and its preparation, China Patent, No. CN1786059A, granted on 08/13/2008.
  9. H. He, Z.Q. Ma, X.G. Jian, G.H. Chen, X.M. Wu, B.L. Yu, S. Gu, Sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) proton exchange membrane and its preparation, China Patent, No. CN1564341A, granted on 08/02/2006.

Grants

2020 ARCP Grant from WSU, “Innovative Upgrading of Natural Gas to Value-Added Liquids with Ultrahigh Activity”, PI, total grant of $3,784, 05/01/2020−08/31/2020.

2019 John A. See Innovation Grant from WSU, “Redox-Mediated Ammonia Synthesis with Ultrahigh Efficiency and Low Cost for Sustainable Fuels”, PI, total grant of $13,280, 04/01/2019−03/31/2020.

2017 ARPA-E REFUEL Grant from DOE (2017 REFUEL), “Alkaline membrane-based ammonia electrosynthesis with high efficiency for renewable and scalable liquid-fuel production”, PI, total grant of $855,000, 06/19/2017−12/18/2019.

2016 John A. See Innovation Grant from WSU, “Turning Air to Ammonium under Ambient Conditions for Green and Sustainable Agriculture”, PI, total grant of $15,000, 04/01/2016−03/31/2017.

2016 ARPA-E IONICS Grant from DOE (2017 IONICS), “Highly conductive, stable and robust hydroxide exchange membranes based on poly(aryl piperidinium)”, Co-PI (PI: Prof. Y.S. Yan), total grant of $1,868,796, 01/01/2017−03/31/2019.

2016 Undergraduate Research Grant from WSU, “Quantum chemistry-based calculations for understanding organic materials”, total grant of $1,000, 01/01/2016−12/31/2016

2015 EERE Grant from DOE (2014 Fuel Cell Incubator), “Highly Stable Anion-Exchange Membranes for High-Voltage Redox-Flow Batteries”, Co-PI (PI: Prof. Y.S. Yan), total grant of $600,000, 07/01/2015−08/31/2017.

2014 UDEI Grant from University of Delaware (Innovative Energy Research Grants Program), “Electrochemical activation of CH4 for liquid fuels”, Co-PI (PI: Prof. Y.S. Yan), total grant of $25,000, 09/01/2014−08/31/2015.

2014 UDEI Grant from University of Delaware (Innovative Energy Research Grants Program), “Modeling of redox reactions in flow batteries”, Co-PI (PI: Prof. Don Vlachos), total grant of $25,000, 09/01/2014−08/31/2015.

2012 ARPA-E OPEN Grant from DOE (2012 OPEN CALL), “High-voltage and low-crossover redox flow batteries for economical and efficient electricity storage”, sole Co-PI (PI: Prof. Y.S. Yan), total grant of $793,071, 1/9/2013−12/31/2015, 2012 (1 of 66 Awards among 4,000+ of Concept Papers)